Five-Axis CNC Machined Stainless Steel Turbine Stator
Custom five-axis CNC machined stainless steel turbine stators and nozzle rings for turbochargers, expanders and flow test rigs. Vanes are cut in one continuous five-axis operation, the flow area is checked against the design value, and 17-4PH stators are heat treated and hardness tested.
- Vane Profile to ±0.03 mm
- Flow Area Verified
- Heat Treated 17-4PH
- Single-Set-Up Five-Axis
*Send the design flow area and the gas conditions, because the vane angle and the throat opening are set by the flow requirement rather than by the envelope.
Stainless Turbine Stator Overview
A turbine stator turns pressure into velocity before the gas reaches the rotor. The vane angle and the throat area decide how much velocity the rotor sees, so a stator that is 2 percent off in flow area changes the whole stage.
The vane cascade is machined on five axes with the tool following the vane surface, so the throat opening is cut to the model rather than interpolated between two axes. The hub and the mounting flange are cut in the same set-up, which keeps the cascade concentric to the bore.
17-4PH / 316L Stainless
17-4PH is specified when the housing has to hold a thread or a press fit under load. After ageing it reaches roughly 1,000 MPa and still machines to a fine bore. 316L is the alternative when chloride exposure is the concern and strength is secondary.
304L Stainless Steel Bar
304L is chosen for housings and fittings that see coolant, washdown or outdoor service. It welds without carbide precipitation, machines to a fine finish on the sealing faces, and needs no coating, so a scratch does not become a corrosion point.
17-4PH H900 is the default for a hot-side stator because it holds 38-44 HRC after ageing. 316L is used on cold-flow rigs and Inconel 718 is quoted separately where exhaust temperature exceeds what 17-4PH will take.
Stainless Turbine Stator Specifications
Machining and heat treatment data for turbine stators, agreed against the flow area and the operating temperature.
| Specification | Machining Data | Specification | Machining Data |
|---|---|---|---|
| Product | Turbine Stator / Nozzle Ring | Machining Process | 5-Axis Simultaneous CNC Milling |
| Material | 17-4PH / 316L / Inconel 718 on Request | Typical Tolerance | ±0.03 mm on Vane Profile |
| Stator Diameter | 60 – 400 mm | Vane Count | 6 – 36 Vanes |
| Vane Thickness | 1.5 – 8 mm | Flow Area Tolerance | ±2% of Design Area |
| Hub and Shroud | Integral or Split Construction | Surface Finish | Ra 1.6 µm, Ra 0.8 on Flow Surfaces |
| Heat Treatment | H900 / H1025 on 17-4PH | Hardness | 38 – 44 HRC (17-4PH H900) |
| Features | Vane Cascade, Integral Hub, Mounting Flange, Seal Land | Drawing Format | STEP, STP, IGES, X_T, DWG, DXF, PDF |
| Customization | Vane Angle, Count, Hub Interface, Coating | Lead Time | 12 – 18 Days (Prototype), 22 – 32 Days (Batch) |
| Inspection | CMM Vane Scan, Flow Area Check, Hardness Test | Packing | Foam Cradled, Vane Protected, Crate |
Key Features of Our CNC Machined Turbine Stators
A cascade that matches the flow model, and a material that survives the temperature.
Continuous Five-Axis Vane Cutting
The vane surface is cut in one continuous five-axis pass, so the throat opening follows the model rather than being interpolated between two axes.
Flow Area Verified
The machined throat area is measured and compared with the design value, with a tolerance of ±2 percent, so the stage is not tuned by trial and error.
Integral Hub and Flange
The hub, the flange and the cascade are cut in one set-up, which keeps the vane ring concentric to the mounting bore.
Heat Treated and Tested
17-4PH stators are aged to H900 or H1025 and hardness tested, with the treatment record shipped alongside the CMM report.
Stator not making the flow the model predicted?
Surface Finishes for CNC Machined Turbine Stators
On a hot-side stator the finish affects flow and oxidation, so it is specified on the flow surfaces.
| Finish | Main Purpose | Finish | Main Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| As Machined | Bare flow surface where temperature governs and coating is not needed | Passivation | Restores corrosion resistance after machining and heat treatment |
| Glass Beading | Uniform surface before coating | Thermal Barrier Coating | Reduces heat transfer into the stator on hot sections |
| Polishing | Ra 0.8 flow surfaces for efficiency | Masked Seal Lands | Seal faces left bare to hold tolerance |
*Coating a vane changes the throat area. Where a thermal barrier is specified, the vane is machined with the coating thickness allowed for and the flow area is checked after coating.
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CNC Machining Process for Stainless Turbine Stators
The vane cascade is cut on five axes in one set-up, so the flow area matches the model rather than the drawing tolerance stack.
01. Flow and Thermal Review
Check the design flow area, the gas temperature and the vane count, then confirm the alloy and the heat treatment against the duty before programming.
02. Billet and Datum
Select the billet, face both ends and mark the datum face that the cascade and the hub bore are referenced to.
03. Five-Axis Vane Machining
Rough the vane channels, semi-finish the flanks, then finish each vane in a continuous five-axis pass. The hub and the flange are cut in the same set-up.
04. Heat Treatment and Finishing
Age 17-4PH to the specified condition, check for distortion, then finish the seal lands and passivate the part.
05. Flow Check and Inspection
Scan the vanes on a CMM, measure the throat area against the design value, hardness test, and issue the reports with the stator.
Need a stator that matches the flow model instead of the drawing tolerance? Send the flow area and gas conditions, and we will quote the cascade.
Five-Axis CNC Machined Turbine Stator FAQs
Within ±2 percent of the design area, measured on the machined throat rather than calculated from nominal dimensions. That is what lets a stage be built without flow-bench tuning.
The vane surfaces are twisted and the throat is not reachable with a three-axis approach. Five-axis cutting keeps the tool normal to the vane, so the profile and the throat both follow the model.
17-4PH H900 for most turbocharger and expander duties up to about 550 °C. 316L for cold-flow rigs, and Inconel 718 where the exhaust temperature exceeds what 17-4PH will hold.
Yes, if you send the part or a scan. The replacement is programmed from the measured vane geometry and the flow area is checked against the original before shipping.
The stator is stationary, so it is not balanced. Concentricity of the cascade to the mounting bore is checked instead, since that is what keeps the rotor clearance even.
Twelve to eighteen days for a single stator including five-axis programming, machining, heat treatment and flow checking. Small batches of five to twenty run twenty-two to thirty-two days.
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